CBC Test: Normal Ranges Explained in Simple Terms

A Complete Blood Count (CBC) is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests. It gives a broad picture of your overall health and can flag conditions like anaemia, infection and inflammation.

What does a CBC measure?

• Haemoglobin — carries oxygen; low levels suggest anaemia.
• RBC count — the number of red blood cells.
• WBC count — your immune cells; high levels can indicate infection.
• Platelets — help blood clot.
• Haematocrit (PCV) — the proportion of blood made up of red cells.

Typical adult reference ranges

Haemoglobin is usually about 13–17 g/dL for men and 12–15 g/dL for women. WBC count typically ranges 4,000–11,000 per microlitre, and platelets 150,000–410,000. Ranges vary slightly by lab and age — always read your report against the ranges printed on it.

When should you get a CBC?

Get a CBC if you feel persistently tired, notice frequent infections, or as part of a routine annual checkup. No fasting is required, and reports are usually ready within hours.